初三英语名师金牌讲堂讲座系列5.doc

^{非谓语动词第三部分：分词（过去分词和现在分词的比较）}

^{由于具有动词的特征，分词不能单独作主语和谓语。}

^{一。分词作表语和定语：}

^{两种形式：ing和ed形式（分别对应现在分词和过去分词）}

^{ing形式表示正在进行、主动发生、令人...}

^{ed形式表示已经完成、被动承受、人感到的...}

^{例①： a falling leaf（一片正在掉落的叶子）}

   ^{a fallen leaf（一片已经掉落的叶子）}

^{例②： boiling water（沸腾中的水）}

       ^{boiled water（已经沸腾过的水）}

^{例③： a freezing lake（一个正在结冰的湖）}

       ^{a frozen lake（一个已经结冰的湖）}

^{interesting, interested}

             ^{surprising, surprised}

^{类似的结构： exciting, excited}

             ^{boring, bored}

             ^{tiring, tired}

^{特殊的情况： pleasant, pleased}

             ^{satisfactory, satisfied}

^{过去分词的几个典型结构：}

^{（1）be interested to do/ be surprised to do【动词词组】（有兴趣/意外地做某事）}

^{区别于：be interested in sth./ doing sth.；be surprised at sth. 【介词词组】（对…感兴趣/惊讶）}

^{（2）be tired of sth./ be bored with sth.（对…感到厌倦）}

^{例：When the little girl was asked such a puzzling question, she stood there with a surprised look on her face.（当这个小女孩被问及如此一个令人迷惑的问题时，她面带感到惊讶的表情站在那里。）}

^{例：When the football fans heard the good news, they jumped in an excited mood.}

    ^{（当球迷听到这个好消息时，他们以感到激动的心情跳了起来。）}

^{（3）be pleased/satisfied with（对…感到高兴/满意）}

^{常考结构：far from satisfactory（远不能让人满意）}

^{例：Your answer is far from satisfactory.（你的答案远不能让人满意。）}

^{二。分词作宾语补足语和主语补足语：}

^{（1）作主语补足语：}

^{例①：We heard the passage read in the next classroom.（我们听到这个文章在隔壁班被朗读。）}

^{例②：Half an hour ago, we saw an old man knocked down at the street corner.}

      ^{（半小时以前，我们看见一个老人在街角被撞倒。）}

^{例③：The teacher had all the students sit down/seated.（老师让全部学生坐下。）}

^{sit & seat的区别：}

^{sit (vi.) 主动坐下；seat (vt.) (=make sb. sit down) [结构：seat sb./ sb be seated] 使某人坐下}

^练习：

^{1.       I found the little girl missing/lost.（我发现小女孩失踪了。）}

^{2.       The teacher raised his voice to make himself heard （老师提高自己的声音使自己被听见。）}

^{词组记诵：make oneself done（使自己被…）}

^{3.       老教授解释得很慢使自己被听见。}

^{The professor explained slowly to make himself understood.}

^{4.       这个男生从后排站起来为了让别人看见。}

^{The boy student rose/stand up from the back seat to make himself seen.}

^{（2）作主语补足语：}

^{例①：The vase was found broken. （这个花瓶被发现打碎了。）}

^{例②：The car was found stolen. （这辆车被发现失窃了。）}

^{三。分词作状语：}

^{例①：Destroyed in the earthquake, the houses need repairing.}

^{（由于在地震中被摧毁，这些房子需要修理。）}

^{例②：Those students went to the party, dressed in new coats.（这些学生穿着新外套去了派对。）}

^{例③：Surprised at the news, the young man stood there in silence.}

      ^{（对这个消息感到惊讶，这些年轻人静静地站在那里沉默不语。）}

^{（非谓语动词讲解至此结束）}